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#response

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WIST Quotations

A quotation from Victor Hugo

Why? Because. The most terrible of motives, the most unanswerable of retorts — Because.
 
[Pourquoi ? Parce que. Le plus terrible des motifs et la plus indiscutable des réponses: Parce que.]

Victor Hugo (1802-1885) French writer
Les Misérables, Part 4 “St. Denis,” Book 6 “Little Gavroche,” ch. 1 (4.6.1) (1862) [tr. Hapgood (1887)]

Sourcing, notes, alternate translations: wist.info/hugo-victor/76086/

Victor Hugo - Why? Because. The most terrible of motives, the most unanswerable of retorts — Because.
#quote#quotes#quotation
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💧🌏 Greg Cocks

Restoring Predators, Restoring Ecosystems: Yellowstone Wolves And Other Carnivores Drive Strong Trophic Cascade
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phys.org/news/2025-02-predator <-- shared technical article
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doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #YellowstoneNationalPark #Largecarnivores #Willows #Crownvolume #Chronosequencephotographs #Trophiccascade #strength #ecosystem #ecology #biology #biodiversity #vegetation #wolf #elk #willows #riparian #stream #water #hydrology #tree #health #foresthealth #herbivore #carnivore #reintroduction #plants #spatialanalysis #spatiotemporal #biomass #foodweb #predictivemodel #model #modeling #response #predators #yellowstone

photo - wolf crossing a road
schematic - trophic cascade with wolves in Yellowstone National Park
charts - The Yellowstone trophic cascade in context. Wolves were introduced into Yellowstone in 1995 and 1996. Between 2001 and 2020, estimated average willow crown volume in northern Yellowstone rose from approximately 0.30 m3 to 4.80 m3 (A; error bars indicate 95 % confidence intervals). This change corresponds to a log10 response ratio of 1.21 (B), which is substantially greater than the response ratios observed in many other studies (C). Willow crown volume was calculated using height data from Cooper and Hobbs (2023) and the crown volume model from Kauffman and Cummings (2024). Except for Yellowstone willows, average log10 ratios by system type were obtained from a trophic cascade meta-analysis of plant biomass studies (Borer et al., 2005); sample sizes are shown in parentheses; error bars represent one standard error of the mean (C).
photos - (A) Downstream view of the East Fork of Blacktail Deer Creek in August 2004 and September 2021, northern range of Yellowstone National Park, USA. Note the 2.4 m tall fenced ungulate exclosure near the bottom right of the 2004 photo with willows alongside sagebrush, which was part of a Cooper and Hobbs (2023) experimental site. In 2002, willow heights outside the newly constructed fence averaged 68 cm whereas willows inside the fence averaged 85 cm in height (25 % taller). In 2020, willow heights outside the fence averaged 165 cm while willows fully protected from ungulate herbivory inside the fence were 195 cm in height (18 % taller). The fence was constructed in 2001 and removed by the spring of 2021. The similarity, in this example, between inside and outside the exclosure in 2021 is consistent with the strong trophic cascade quantified in the full time-series dataset. (B) Upstream view of Blacktail Deer Creek in 2005 and 2021 and (C) an across channel view in 2005 and 2021 of another reach farther downstream. These chronosequence photographs should be considered examples only, but they do indicate that tall willows, with greatly increased crown volumes, had become relatively common along the valley bottom and floodplains of Blacktail Creek.
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Susan Larson ♀️🏳️‍🌈🏳️‍⚧️🌈

A #homophobe #rebuked an #author for including #LGBTQ #content in her #book and sparked the best #clapback to #bigotry you’ll see anytime soon

The #author of #TheFamilyUpstairs, and 21 other novels, #LisaJewell wasted no time in #crafting the #perfect #response.

#Women #Transgender #LGBTQ #LGBTQIA #Entertainment #TheArts #Literature #Books #Reading #Representation #Culture #Megathread

thepoke.com/2024/10/01/homopho

The Poke · A homophobe rebuked an author for including LGBTQ content in her book and sparked the best clapback to bigotry you’ll see anytime soonIt would be a weird old world if we all thought the same way or enjoyed the same things, so it’s understandable that some people might begin reading a book and decide it’s not for them. What isn’t so understandable is when someone is enjoying a book, only to discard it when they realise it’s […]
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