💧🌏 Greg Cocks<p>Data In Action: The 2022 Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha′Apai Eruption - Altimetry Data And Models Help Us Understand How A Volcanic Eruption Generated A Tsunami<br>--<br><a href="https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/DataAction-2025-03-20-The-2022-Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Haapai-eruption-Altimetry-data-and-models-help-us-understand-how-a-volcanic-eruption-generated-a-tsunami" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/DataAction</span><span class="invisible">-2025-03-20-The-2022-Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Haapai-eruption-Altimetry-data-and-models-help-us-understand-how-a-volcanic-eruption-generated-a-tsunami</span></a> <-- shared technical article<br>--<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01694-z" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-016</span><span class="invisible">94-z</span></a> <-- shared paper<br>--<br><a href="https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/JASON_CS_S6A_L2_ALT_LR_RED_OST_NTC_F08" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/JA</span><span class="invisible">SON_CS_S6A_L2_ALT_LR_RED_OST_NTC_F08</span></a> <-- shared NASA dataset - Sentinel-6A MF Jason-CS L2 P4 Altimeter Low Resolution (LR) NTC Reduced Ocean Surface Topography F08<br>--<br><a href="https://techhub.social/tags/GIS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GIS</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatial</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/mapping" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>mapping</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/earthobservation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earthobservation</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/remotesensing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>remotesensing</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/fedscience" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>fedscience</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/tonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>tonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaHaApai" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaHaApai</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/eruption" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>eruption</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcanic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcanic</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcano</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/Pacific" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Pacific</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/marine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>marine</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>geology</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/engineeringgeology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>engineeringgeology</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/risk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>risk</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/hazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hazard</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/satellite" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>satellite</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/altimetry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>altimetry</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/data" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>data</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/model" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>model</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/model" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>model</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatialanalysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatialanalysis</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/Tsunami" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tsunami</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/risk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>risk</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/hazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hazard</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/monitoring" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>monitoring</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/coast" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>coast</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/coastal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>coastal</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/naturalhazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>naturalhazard</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/Sentinel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Sentinel</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/sealevel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>sealevel</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/warning" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>warning</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/earlywarning" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlywarning</span></a><br><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://techhub.social/@nasa" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>nasa</span></a></span></p>
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#HungaTonga
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💧🌏 Greg Cocks<p>Satellite Detection Of A Massive Phytoplankton Bloom Following The 2022 Submarine Eruption Of The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai Volcano<br>--<br> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099293" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099293</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> <-- shared paper<br>--<br><a href="https://techhub.social/tags/GIS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GIS</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatial</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/mapping" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>mapping</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/phytoplankton" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>phytoplankton</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/bloom" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>bloom</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/remotesensing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>remotesensing</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/satellite" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>satellite</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/Tonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcanic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcanic</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcano</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/submarine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>submarine</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/eruption" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>eruption</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/ocean" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ocean</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/marine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>marine</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatialanalysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatialanalysis</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatiotemporal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatiotemporal</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaTongaHungaHaapai" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTongaHungaHaapai</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/Tongatapu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tongatapu</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/nutrients" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>nutrients</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/ash" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ash</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcanicash" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcanicash</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/caldera" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>caldera</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/imagery" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>imagery</span></a></p>
💧🌏 Greg Cocks<p>Volcanic Ash As A Source Of Nutrients - How The Hunga Tonga Eruption Affected Ecosystems In The South Pacific<br>--<br><a href="https://phys.org/news/2024-11-volcanic-ash-source-nutrients-hunga.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">phys.org/news/2024-11-volcanic</span><span class="invisible">-ash-source-nutrients-hunga.html</span></a> <-- shared technical article<br>--<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52904-3" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-529</span><span class="invisible">04-3</span></a> <-- shared paper<br>--<br>[it’s like a multivitamin for phytoplankton!]<br><a href="https://techhub.social/tags/GIS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GIS</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatial</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/mapping" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>mapping</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/eruption" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>eruption</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcano</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcanic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcanic</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/Tonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/phytoplankton" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>phytoplankton</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/ash" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ash</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/debris" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>debris</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/sediment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>sediment</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/GEOTRACES" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GEOTRACES</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/GP21" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GP21</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/biogeochemistry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>biogeochemistry</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/nutrients" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>nutrients</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/foodweb" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>foodweb</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/SouthPacificGyre" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthPacificGyre</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatialanalysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatialanalysis</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/model" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>model</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/modeling" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>modeling</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatiotemporal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatiotemporal</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/sampling" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>sampling</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcanicash" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcanicash</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/simulation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>simulation</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HYSPLIT" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HYSPLIT</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/atmosphere" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>atmosphere</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/dispersion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>dispersion</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/traceelements" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>traceelements</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/ecosystem" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ecosystem</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/deposition" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>deposition</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/seawater" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>seawater</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/waterquality" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>waterquality</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/chlorophyll" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>chlorophyll</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/SouthPacific" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SouthPacific</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/remotesensing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>remotesensing</span></a></p>
scinexx - das wissensmagazin<p>Auslöser der Tonga-Eruption gefunden? Stärkster Vulkanausbruch der letzten Jahrzehnte begann an einer kleinen Schwächezone. <a href="https://nrw.social/tags/Tonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tonga</span></a> <a href="https://nrw.social/tags/Vulkanausbruch" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vulkanausbruch</span></a> <a href="https://nrw.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://nrw.social/tags/Vulkan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vulkan</span></a> <a href="https://nrw.social/tags/Unterseevulkan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Unterseevulkan</span></a> <a href="https://nrw.social/tags/Eruption" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Eruption</span></a><br><a href="https://www.scinexx.de/news/geowissen/ausloeser-der-tonga-eruption-gefunden/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">scinexx.de/news/geowissen/ausl</span><span class="invisible">oeser-der-tonga-eruption-gefunden/</span></a></p>
💧🌏 Greg Cocks<p>A Seismic Precursor 15 Min Before The Giant Eruption Of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcano On 15 January 2022<br>--<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL111144" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">doi.org/10.1029/2024GL111144</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> <-- shared paper<br>--<br>"KEY POINTS:<br> • The volcano generated Rayleigh waves about 15 min before the giant eruption with no apparent surface activity<br> • These waves dominated in 0.03–0.1 Hz with amplitudes comparable to the amplitude of M4.9<br> • Seismic stations 750 km from the volcano and appropriate data analyses allowed [them] to capture precursors of the catastrophic eruption..."<br><a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>geology</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/seismology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>seismology</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/tonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>tonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcano</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/eruption" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>eruption</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/vulcanism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>vulcanism</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/RayleighWave" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RayleighWave</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/earthquake" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earthquake</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/precursor" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>precursor</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/remotesensing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>remotesensing</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/imagery" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>imagery</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/satellite" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>satellite</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HTHH" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HTHH</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/model" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>model</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/modeling" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>modeling</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatialanalysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatialanalysis</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatiotemporal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatiotemporal</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/caldera" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>caldera</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/seismicstation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>seismicstation</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/monitoring" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>monitoring</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/naturalhazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>naturalhazard</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/naturaldisaster" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>naturaldisaster</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/risk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>risk</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/hazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hazard</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/engineeringgeology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>engineeringgeology</span></a></p>
anlomedad<p><a href="https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/climate-change-glacier-volcanoes/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">reuters.com/investigates/speci</span><span class="invisible">al-report/climate-change-glacier-volcanoes/</span></a></p><p>Cool webstory by Reuters about future Iceland's and global volcanic eruptions to be triggered by retreating glaciers, when the weight of the ice is no longer keeping a lid on magma chambers. <br>Apart from neat writing, it's with video, lotsa photos, animated charts and everything one can think of to be included in <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/scicomm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>scicomm</span></a> </p><p>tldr: yes, volcanic eruptions will increase with the retreat of glaciers. <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Antarctica" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Antarctica</span></a>'s volcanos too. <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Earthquake" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Earthquake</span></a> activity has already been picking up in Iceland since 2021, also elsewhere in the <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Arctic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Arctic</span></a> near glaciers, and around the globe.</p><p>It has happened before when Earth crawled out of the last <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/iceage" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>iceage</span></a> into the <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Holocene" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Holocene</span></a>. </p><p>I might add: it happened not only at volcanos near glaciers. Rising <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/sealevel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>sealevel</span></a> has triggered near-coastal volcanos, too, whether above or below the water. IIRC, a study on Stromboli proved it.</p><p>I personally think, <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a>'s eruption could have been one of the first submarine volcanos to have been triggered by <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/climateChange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>climateChange</span></a> Another submarine volcano erupted near Japan in 2021 or 2022, forgot its name, starts with an O...<br> Not as huge an explosion like Hunga Tonga tho.</p><p><a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/paleoclimate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>paleoclimate</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcano</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Iceland" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Iceland</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/volcanism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcanism</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/glacier" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>glacier</span></a></p>
anlomedad<p><a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> was on the top of my list of suspects for the bananas year 2023. <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Jucker" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Jucker</span></a> et al's preprint on modelling the effect on <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/weather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>weather</span></a> was my go-to for months. It has been peer-reviewed and published by now 🔒 <a href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/aop/JCLI-D-23-0437.1/JCLI-D-23-0437.1.xml" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">journals.ametsoc.org/view/jour</span><span class="invisible">nals/clim/aop/JCLI-D-23-0437.1/JCLI-D-23-0437.1.xml</span></a> <br>or : <a href="https://d197for5662m48.cloudfront.net/documents/publicationstatus/180012/preprint_pdf/ebd8969efba54570a5944dadba59168c.pdf" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">d197for5662m48.cloudfront.net/</span><span class="invisible">documents/publicationstatus/180012/preprint_pdf/ebd8969efba54570a5944dadba59168c.pdf</span></a></p><p>It just now occurred to me: their model comparison only flags *significant* changes over a planet without water injection into the <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/stratosphere" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>stratosphere</span></a>. And what's more: in year1 after the eruption, which is 2023, only the jet stream showed significant changes. Not temperature. This realisation kinda proves to me that HungaTonga wasn't significant at all wrt temperature in 2023.</p><p>Wanting to double-check my realisation with the author on Twix, I found instead his tweet with his writeup in TheConversation💃 <a href="https://theconversation.com/tongas-volcanic-eruption-could-cause-unusual-weather-for-the-rest-of-the-decade-new-study-shows-231074" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">theconversation.com/tongas-vol</span><span class="invisible">canic-eruption-could-cause-unusual-weather-for-the-rest-of-the-decade-new-study-shows-231074</span></a><br> <br>" This means that the incredibly high temperatures we have measured for about a year now cannot be attributed to the Hunga Tonga eruption." 💃 </p><p>But like I suspected: the ultra-wet winter with damages in infrastructure, soil and crops in Western Europe was due to HungaTonga by way of its effect on the <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/jetstream" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>jetstream</span></a>. </p><p>And it will be repeated: "For the northern half of Australia, our model predicts colder and wetter than usual winters up to about 2029. For North America, it predicts warmer than usual winters, while for Scandinavia, it again predicts colder than usual winters."</p><p>... One more thing::::<br>Sadly, the <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Arctic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Arctic</span></a> in year 3 to year 7 is modelled to warm by 0.5°C due to HungaTonga. Put that on top of the potentially permanent bananas heating in 2023 and 2024... then sea ice will shrink, albedo lost, fresh water dilute the AMOC, polar bears lose their cups. </p><p>And the temperature gradient between Arctic and equator will be less. <br>Which probably leads to stalling jetstream wave patterns. Stalling wave patterns spell heat and drought (and crazy omega blockings with heavy rain events). All of which makes crop loss likely in the bread baskets USA, Europe, Ukraine, Russia. </p><p>OMG...fck</p>
Ruth Mottram<p>Good piece on the <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> eruption and it's (tiny to non-existent) impact on our climate from <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://mastodon.world/@andrewdessler" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>andrewdessler</span></a></span> . <br>I think my biggest takeaway from the attribution work is that (some) people will do almost anything to avoid accepting human emissions are driving climate change. <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/theclimatebrink/p/the-real-lesson-of-the-hunga-tonga" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">open.substack.com/pub/theclima</span><span class="invisible">tebrink/p/the-real-lesson-of-the-hunga-tonga</span></a></p>
Dr. Robert Rohde<p>Most volcanic eruptions that are large enough to reach the stratosphere lead to a brief period bit of global cooling due to the impact of sulfur aerosols.</p><p>However, Hunga Tonga was unusual in that it was rich in water vapor (a powerful greenhouse gas) and low in sulfur, leading to the unusual prediction that it could cause a slight global warming.</p><p><a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a></p>
Dr. Robert Rohde<p>Two years later, the water vapor injected into the upper atmosphere by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption is still in no rush to dissipate.</p><p>This excess water vapor likely adds a small amount to global warming (e.g. ~0.05 °C or less), with perhaps somewhat larger regional perturbations.</p><p><a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Volcano</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Eruption" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Eruption</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/WaterVapor" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WaterVapor</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a></p>
anlomedad<p><span class="h-card"><a href="https://mastodon.social/@CelloMomOnCars" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>CelloMomOnCars</span></a></span> <br>Thank you for sharing! <br>I'm wondering how the involved mechanisms then work to cool Western and Northern Europe. That it is via changes in the atmospheric currents is clear because else, the African <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/monsoon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>monsoon</span></a> <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/weather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>weather</span></a> wouldn't be affected as well. <br>Additionally, it is the winter which cools so significantly in a partial <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/AMOC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AMOC</span></a> collapse. While summers still - yet maybe more pronounced in collapse? – get heat from Africa via the <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/jetstream" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>jetstream</span></a> . <br>And if it is the winters that cool so significantly: how does it come to pass? In other words: is this current winter a harbinger? (Altho this winter is meddled-with by <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> 's impact on the jetstream particularly over Western Europe, see <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/MartinJucker" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>MartinJucker</span></a> preprint 2023 "Long-term climate impact of large stratospheric water vapor perturbations": the figure on jetstream in 300hPa in this first winter after eruption)<br>The atmospheric changes might be like this: when the subpolar gyre still worked, it created a barrier that prevented winter jetstream from lapping up cold polar air and spit it out over Western Europe. <br>With a changed (ie, cooler?) <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/SubpolarGyre" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SubpolarGyre</span></a> in a partial AMOC collapse, the jetstream is able to meander more over that region, or maybe, not meander more but meander at a changed location, so the lapping tongue no more occurs over West Russia but then over West and Northern Europe. <br>If this were already happening, how would we see it in data from weather stations? The <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/GHCN" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GHCN</span></a> has long-running weather stations from Scandinavia and Russia. I'm going to look for changes in winter low temperatures there. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/jan/17/greenland-losing-30m-tonnes-of-ice-an-hour-study-reveals" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">theguardian.com/environment/20</span><span class="invisible">24/jan/17/greenland-losing-30m-tonnes-of-ice-an-hour-study-reveals</span></a></p>
anlomedad<p><span class="h-card"><a href="https://sfba.social/@KeithDJohnson" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>KeithDJohnson</span></a></span> <br>How do they not mention <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a>? The stratospheric water vapour changed and still changes wind patterns. And in March 2022, this was mainly evident in the tropics, where the shattering <a href="https://mst.mineown.de/tags/Antarctica" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Antarctica</span></a> heat record of over 50C above the previous record originated.</p>
Dr. Robert Rohde<p>In case anyone is wondering, it has dissipated a bit, but most of the water vapor injected into the upper atmosphere by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption is still there.</p><p>Not the most important factor, but possibly a small contributing factor to the weird weather in 2023.</p><p><a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Volcano</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/watervapor" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>watervapor</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/atmosphere" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>atmosphere</span></a></p>
💧🌏 Greg Cocks<p>Volcaniclastic Density Currents Explain Widespread And Diverse Seafloor Impacts Of The 2022 Hunga Volcano Eruption<br>--<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43607-2" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-436</span><span class="invisible">07-2</span></a> <-- shared paper<br>--<br><a href="https://techhub.social/tags/GIS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GIS</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>spatial</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/mapping" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>mapping</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/marine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>marine</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/seafloor" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>seafloor</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/bathymetry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>bathymetry</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/topobathy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>topobathy</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcanic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcanic</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>volcano</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/vulcanism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>vulcanism</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/Volcaniclastic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Volcaniclastic</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/DensityCurrents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>DensityCurrents</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/impacts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>impacts</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/survey" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>survey</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/model" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>model</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/modeling" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>modeling</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/numericmodeling" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>numericmodeling</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/remotesensing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>remotesensing</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaVolcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaVolcano</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/HungaHaapai" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaHaapai</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/engineeringgeology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>engineeringgeology</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/survey" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>survey</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/coring" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>coring</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/eruption" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>eruption</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/undersea" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>undersea</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/underseacables" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>underseacables</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/telecommunications" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>telecommunications</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/caldera" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>caldera</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/seafloorcables" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>seafloorcables</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/cables" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>cables</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/ecosystem" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ecosystem</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/risk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>risk</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/hazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hazard</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/sediments" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>sediments</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/ecosystemrecovery" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ecosystemrecovery</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/GEBCO" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GEBCO</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/LINZ" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LINZ</span></a></p>
Copernicus EU<p>RT by <span class="h-card"><a href="https://respublicae.eu/@CopernicusEU" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>CopernicusEU</span></a></span>: 2023's Antarctic <a href="https://respublicae.eu/tags/OzoneHole" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>OzoneHole</span></a> had a somewhat erratic behaviour.</p><p>It became the 6th largest observed, returned to average, then spiked again 🌐. Possible factors? <a href="https://respublicae.eu/tags/Stratosphere" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Stratosphere</span></a> temperatures, wind patterns, <a href="https://respublicae.eu/tags/GlobalWarming" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GlobalWarming</span></a> &amp; the <a href="https://respublicae.eu/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> eruption🌋.</p><p>More 👉<a href="https://bit.ly/3skRx1B" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">bit.ly/3skRx1B</span><span class="invisible"></span></a></p><p> 🐦🔗: <a href="https://nitter.cz/CopernicusECMWF/status/1720065792052531361#m" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">nitter.cz/CopernicusECMWF/stat</span><span class="invisible">us/1720065792052531361#m</span></a></p><p>[2023-11-02 13:10 UTC]</p>
Mark Ingalls :pdx_badge:<p>Weaker easterlies from El Niño has been bringing less moisture from the Atlantic into the <a href="https://pdx.social/tags/Amazon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Amazon</span></a> Basin. This, combined with deforestation is causing significant <a href="https://pdx.social/tags/drought" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>drought</span></a>.</p><p>Deforestation leads to less evapotranspiration (moisture coming from plants) as well as new water running off quicker rather than staying in the ground to be pulled up by plants. This causes both more severe flooding and droughts.</p><p>Human-caused <a href="https://pdx.social/tags/ClimateChange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ClimateChange</span></a> and the <a href="https://pdx.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> eruption also add heat to the system.</p><p><a href="https://pdx.social/tags/weather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>weather</span></a></p>
Dr. Robert Rohde<p>The abrupt warming in September – due primarily to Antarctica – came on top of already extraordinary warmth in August.</p><p>The Antarctic changes might simply reflect natural polar variability but it added to a system already greatly warmed by man-made and natural causes.</p><p><a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/ClimateChange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ClimateChange</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/GlobalWarming" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GlobalWarming</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Climate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Climate</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Temperature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Temperature</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Weather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Weather</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Antarctica" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Antarctica</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/ElNino" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ElNino</span></a> </p><p>9/</p>
Dr. Robert Rohde<p>The strong warming in Antarctica this September could simply be a product of natural variability.</p><p>However, we note it was also coincident with a record low sea ice maximum and follows the 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption. The interplay of such factors remains to be determined.</p><p><a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/ClimateChange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ClimateChange</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/GlobalWarming" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GlobalWarming</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Climate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Climate</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Temperature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Temperature</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Weather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Weather</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/Antarctica" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Antarctica</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/SeaIce" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SeaIce</span></a></p><p>8/</p>
Dr. Robert Rohde<p>Given the highly unlikely nature of this abrupt record, it suggests that models may not be fully representing recent climate changes.</p><p>This could be due to recent reductions in man-made aerosol emissions, the 2022 Hunga Tonga volcano eruption, or other factors.</p><p><a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/ClimateChange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ClimateChange</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/GlobalWarming" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GlobalWarming</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/CMIP6" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>CMIP6</span></a> <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a></p><p>4/</p>
Earthworm<p>This month’s record, and the longer recent period of warmth, are driven by a collection of several man-made* and natural factors acting together.</p><p>- anthropogenic global warming<br>- El niño/ la niña<br>- Solar cycles<br>- volcanic eruption of Hunga-Tonga<br>- cleaner marine fuels</p><p>Firstly, man-made* global warming has been raising the Earth’s temperature by about 0.19 °C/decade (0.34 °F/decade). This is a direct consequence of the accumulation of additional greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, especially carbon dioxide. This is the primary factor responsible for long-term warming.</p><p>(Probably you know this already, but I liked especially the other factors, as there is often talk about them, but seldom these factors are compared...)</p><p>(1/5)</p><p>Source: <a href="https://berkeleyearth.org/july-2023-temperature-update/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">berkeleyearth.org/july-2023-te</span><span class="invisible">mperature-update/</span></a></p><p>* note: usually I would edit the quote to avoid "man-made", but in this case it makes sense: most fossil executives and heads of states are and were proud ... dicks?<br><a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/ClimateChange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ClimateChange</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/ClimateScience" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ClimateScience</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/EarthClimate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>EarthClimate</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/SolarCycles" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SolarCycles</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/SolarCycle" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SolarCycle</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/MarineFuels" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>MarineFuels</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/Volcano" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Volcano</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/HungaTonga" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HungaTonga</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/Climate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Climate</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/BerkeleyEarth" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BerkeleyEarth</span></a></p>
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